akbar

graeat akbar

Akbar was born as Abu'l-Fath Jalal ud-din Muhammad at the Umerkot fort in Sind on October 15, 1542. His father Humayun, the second emperor of the Mughal dynasty was in flight after his defeat in the battle of Kanauj (in May 1540) at the hands of Sher Shah Suri. He and his wife Hamida Banu Begum, who was pregnant at that time, was granted refuge by the Hindu ruler Rana Prasad. As Humayun was in exile and had to move constantly, Akbar was brought up at the household of his paternal uncles, Kamran Mirza and Aksari Mirza. Growing up he learnt how to hunt and fight using various weapons, shaping up to be the great warrior who would be the greatest emperor of India. He never learned to read and write during his childhood, but that did not diminish his thirst for knowledge. He would often ask to be read about art and religion.

In 1555, Humayun recaptured Delhi with the military support of the Persian ruler Shah Tahmasp I. Humayun met his untimely demise soon after he reclaimed his throne after an accident. Akbar was 13 years old at that time and Humayun’s trusted general Bairam Khan took up the post of Regent for the young Emperor. Akbar succeeded Humayun on February 14, 1556 in Kalanaur (Punjab) and was proclaimed ‘Shahanshah’. Bairam Khan ruled on behalf of the young Emperor till he came of age.

Akbar married his cousin Ruqaiya Sultan Begum, daughter of his paternal uncle Hindal Mirza, in November 1551. Ruqaiya became his chief consort after he ascended the throne.

Akbar was a brave and powerful ruler who had grabbed all the areas around Godavari river and had also joined him in the Mughal empire. On the basis of their infinite military force, immense power and economic strength, they were gradually going to rule over many states of India.

Akbar wanted to make his empire the biggest and happy empire, so he adopted several types of policies that would allow his state's people to live happily.

As his empire was vast, some of them were also from Hindu Dharma, for their interests, they adopted the Hindu Emperor's policy and implemented them in the Mughal Empire. They wanted to overcome discrimination between different religions. Because of his humble nature, he considered them to be a great king. And gladly lived in his empire.

While introducing his religious tolerance towards the Hindus, he removed the tax named 'Jijiya' upon him. The greatest effort that Akbar tried to do in his life was the establishment of a religion called 'Din-i-Elahi'.

Akbar is counted among the liberal rulers of India. In the entire medieval history, he has become the only Muslim ruler who, after understanding the importance of Hindu-Muslim unity, sought to build an all India.

In the famous rulers of India, Mughal Emperor Akbar is leading, he was the only Mughal emperor who introduced some generosity towards the Hindu majority.

Gradually, the Mughal Empire expanded in India and a stable economic situation was coming into the state. Akbar was very busy with art and culture, so he paid more attention to the development of these two during his reign. He was also very fond of literature, so he wrote 2400 volumes and published them in the library.

In their empire there were soldiers of many languages ​​such as Hindu, Sanskrit, Greek, Persian etc.
Akbar also married a Hindu Rajput princess. One of his queens was Jodha Bai Rajput. There were many Hindu courtiers, military officers and feudents in Akbar's court. He started a unique series of religious discussions and debate programs, in which Muslim Alem people used to have discussions with Jains, learners, Hindus, atheists, Portuguese and Catholic theologians.

The Mughal empire was affected only by Indian history. Their strength and economic status was steadily increasing. Akbar had made the world's most powerful army with his economic force, which was impossible for anyone to defeat.

Akbar had also stopped recovering those who were not Muslim, and he was the first emperor to do so, and at the same time he was the first emperor to be the only Muslim who was not a Muslim. After Akbar, his success was his empire from his son Jahangir.